In Focus: Hockney, Banksy and the battle of 'fine art' vs 'a stencilled publicity stunt'

David Hockney's evocative 1972 masterpiece Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures) set a record for a living artist last week, immediately sparking debate given the recent farrago surrounding the recent sale of Banksy's Girl with a Balloon.

David Hockney’s iconic Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures)

David Hockney’s iconic Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures)

(Image credit: via Christie's)

Last week, David Hockney’s iconic Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures) set a record at auction, becoming the most expensive work of art by an artist still living. The painting – a 1970s play on Classical paintings depicting a bather with an idyllic natural backdrop – fetched $90.3 million at Christie’s in New York. Not bad going for a lad from Yorkshire.

The acclaim for the painting is nothing new. Portrait of an Artist has long been one of Hockney’s most celebrated works and has starred in various exhibitions, including a travelling retrospective organised by Tate Britain and shows at the Centre Pompidou and New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art.

The painting itself depicts the artist Peter Schlesinger, Hockney’s lover, muse and a favoured model. Their relationship had ended shortly before this was painted in 1972, leaving Hockney devastated, but inspiring this extraordinary work. Christie’s described it as 'a powerful testament to the therapeutic power of painting’ in the catalogue – a power so potent that it sparked the cult 1974 film A Bigger Splash, which deals with the break-up and the creation of the painting.

In it Schlesinger is shown gazing at a swimmer underwater and a landscape illustrating the sun-drenched Californian good-life replaces the traditional Renaissance paradise. Albeit in a modern interpretation, the metaphor of Man’s harmonious relationship with Nature remains true.

Hockney first had the idea for the painting when he noticed two photographs discarded on his studio floor: one of a swimmer in 1960s Hollywood, the other of a boy looking at something beneath him.

‘[Los Angeles was] the first time I had ever painted a place,’ Hockney explained. ‘In London I think I was put off by the ghost of Sickert, and I couldn’t see it properly. In Los Angeles, there were no ghosts...

‘I remember seeing, within the first week, the ramp of a freeway going into the air and I suddenly thought: My God, this place needs its Piranesi; Los Angeles could have a Piranesi, so here I am.’

A photo posted by on

Hockney’s depictions of LA life had previously resonated strongly with buyers: the previous records for one of his works was set earlier this year with Pacific Coast Highway and Santa Monica (1990), at $28.453 million. Now, he has overtaken the record for work by a living artist that had been set by Jeff Koons’s Balloon Dog (Orange), which sold for $58.405 million back in 2013.

The Hockey sale comes hard on the heels of the sale of Banksy’s Girl With Balloon, and the extraordinary PR hoopla following its destruction moments after the hammer fell. And to some, at least, the fact that Hockney has reclaimed the spotlight for more traditional art is good news.

(Image credit: Via Sotheby's PR)

‘Real masterpieces do not need gimmicks – they stand and deliver on their own merit,’ said art dealer Stephen Howes immediately after the Hockney auction, who decried the ‘hideous pantomime’ of Banksy’s painting ‘self-shredding’.

‘Bizarrely, that prank has apparently made that piece’s value soar – which, it can be reasonably assumed, Banksy knew would happen…

‘That stunt was not about the art at all, it was all about the art of publicity…

‘Should David Hockney’s masterpiece have been shredded today, it would have rendered it pretty much worthless - unlike Girl With Balloon which apparently increased in value.

‘Why? Because one piece is a work of fine art and the other is a stencilled publicity stunt.’

That said, the art of publicity has always been a critical part of the world of fine art. And if you know how to play the game, why not play to win?


John Craxton, Still Life with Three Sailors, 1980-85. Tempera on canvas. Private Collection, UK. © 2018 Craxton Estate/DACS.

(Image credit: John Craxton, Still Life with Three Sailors, 1980-85. Tempera on canvas. Private Collection, UK. © 2018 Craxton Estate/DACS.)

In Focus: The charmed life of Paddy Leigh Fermor and friends in Greece

The iconic writer Paddy Leigh Fermor and two of his friends in Greece – both artists, one a local man and

Auguste Rodin (1840–1917) Pallas (Athena) with the Parthenon, 1896 Marble and plaster. © Musée Rodin

Credit: © Musée Rodin

In Focus: Rodin's quirky take on one of the treasures of the Elgin Marbles

Jusepe de Ribera, Martyrdom of Saint Bartholomew, 1644, Oil on canvas, 202 x 153 cm, Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, Barcelona. ©Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, Barcelona, 2018. Photo: Calveras/Mérida/Sagristà.

Jusepe de Ribera, Martyrdom of Saint Bartholomew, 1644, Oil on canvas, 202 x 153 cm, Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, Barcelona. ©Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, Barcelona, 2018. Photo: Calveras/Mérida/Sagristà.
(Image credit: ©Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, Barcelona, 2018. Photo: Calveras/Mérida/Sagristà.)

In Focus: The Spanish painter whose visceral depictions of martyrdom still have the power to shock

The unflinching representations of brutality in Jusepe de Ribera's images of martyrdom is the focus of a new exhibition, the

Picasso, Pablo (1881-1973): Girl Before a Mirror (Boisgeloup, March 1932). New York, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)

Credit: Picasso, Pablo (1881-1973): <i>Girl Before a Mirror </i>(Boisgeloup, March 1932). New York, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)

In Focus: The Picasso portrait which revealed to the world his 22-year-old muse

The Tate Modern's first-ever exhibition focusing solely on Picasso concentrates solely on a single year in the life of this

An 18th century Byronic Banksy for sale at the same time as the 21st century equivalent

Art has been used for social commentary for millennia, but it's always fascinating to see how differently it's handled across eras.


Annunciata Elwes

Annunciata grew up in the wilds of Lancashire and now lives in Hampshire with a husband, two daughters and an awful pug called Parsley. She’s been floating round the Country Life office for more than a decade, her work winning the Property Magazine of the Year Award in 2022 (Property Press Awards). Before that, she had a two-year stint writing ‘all kinds of fiction’ for The Sunday Times Travel Magazine, worked in internal comms for Country Life’s publisher (which has had many names in recent years but was then called IPC Media), and spent another year researching for a historical biographer, whose then primary focus was Graham Greene and John Henry Newman and whose filing system was a collection of wardrobes and chests of drawers filled with torn scraps of paper. During this time, she regularly gave tours of 17th-century Milton Manor, Oxfordshire, which may or may not have been designed by Inigo Jones, and co-founded a literary, art and music festival, at which Johnny Flynn headlined. When not writing and editing for Country Life, Annunciata is also a director of TIN MAN ART, a contemporary art gallery founded in 2021 by her husband, James Elwes.

Latest in Art and Antiques
Diamond brooch
How Cartier became ‘the jeweller of kings and the king of jewellers’
Duke of Wellington in red military uniform
Go Dutch: Understanding the Duke of Wellington’s passion for Dutch art and how to view his collection
Drawing of a mushroom
Victor Hugo, France's greatest novelist, was also a talented artist — and now his 'rarely seen' illustrations are on display at the RA
Painting of the Virgin Mary and baby Jesus
Philip Treacy, Gucci and Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, take centre stage at Chatsworth's latest floral-inspired exhibition
Actors as Lady Jane Grey and Lord Guildford Dudley
Lady Jane Grey: How the Nine Day Queen lost her head, but found her face
Michaelangelo painting
Michaelangelo: The good, the bad and the disturbingly ugly of one of art's greatest geniuses
Latest in Features
Diamond brooch
How Cartier became ‘the jeweller of kings and the king of jewellers’
A villa in Rome on the Via Nomentana
A historic villa for sale on the Via Nomentana worthy of Rome's rich history
dogs on Country Life 26 March 2025
Country Life 26 March 2025
Jade tiled bathroom
A tub carved from a single block of San Marino marble — and nine more beautiful things for the ultimate bathroom
Images of Edwardian Ashton House, near Chard
Eight bedrooms of unlisted Edwardian elegance with sweeping views of Somerset
Iron Age artefacts
Archaeologists in North Yorkshire discover ‘the biggest and most important Iron Age hoard ever found in Britain’